Open Science

Open publishing

Open Access is defined as free and unrestricted online access to scientific information with the right to reuse the content through so-called public licenses.

The Open Access condition can be met in the following two ways:

• The golden way - publishing in open access journals (OA provided by publishers), most often associated with the payment of the so-called APC fee, which is an allowable cost in projects.
• Green way - self-archiving, i.e. storing publications in open repositories, e.g. MU repository (OA provided by authors). This way is free of charge, but the publisher's conditions (e.g. embargo period, manuscript stage such as preprint, etc.) must be respected.

• Platinum way - another option is to publish in open access journals without APC fees. These are often university journals.

FAIR/Open data

According to open science, research data should be managed and shared according to four principles:

Findable.To be findable, data must be provided with good metadata and stored in appropriate systems, e.g. repositories.
Accessible. If a user finds the data, they must know under what conditions they can use it.
Interoperable. In order for data to be displayed across systems, it is stored in an open and standardised format.
Reusable. In order to be reusable by users other than the author, data must be accompanied by information about its origin, method of collection, attached license, etc.

FAIR data may or may not then be open. This is not always possible, e.g. when sensitive data is involved.