Entamoeba histolytica infections in wild and semi-wild orangutans in Sumatra and Kalimantan

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Authors

STUART Peter Daniel YALCINDAG Erhan IBNE Karim PECKOVÁ Radka NURCAHYO Wisnu MORROGH-BERNARD Helen FOITOVÁ Ivona

Year of publication 2020
Type Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source American Journal of Primatology
MU Faculty or unit

Faculty of Science

Citation
Web https://doi.org/10.1002/ajp.23124
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajp.23124
Keywords Protozoa; amoebiasis; zoonoses; parasite; Pongo
Description Key to the success of orangutan conservation management practices is the prevention of the introduction of infectious diseases to the remaining populations. Previous reports of Entamoeba spp. positive orangutans are of concern as Entamoeba spp. infection has been linked to morbidity and mortality in primates. It remains to be determined if the Entamoeba species infecting orangutans is the pathogenic Entamoeba histolytica. Orangutan fecal samples have been collected from orangutans from sites in Sumatra (Bukit Lawang, Ketambe and Suaq, 241 samples from 64 individuals), and two sites in Kalimantan (Sebangau and Tuanan, 129 samples from 39 individuals). All samples were from wild orangutans except for a proportion from Sumatra which were from semi-wild (108 samples, 10 individuals). E. histolytica-specific nested PCR assays were carried out on the fecal samples. 36 samples from 17 individuals tested positive for E. histolytica. When compared with published sequences using NCBI BLAST the E. histolytica positive samples showed a 98-99% concordance. The majority (76%, n=36) of the positive isolates came from semi-wild orangutans in Bukit Lawang. This study supports the growing body of evidence that contact with humans is an important risk factor for infection of wild primates with E. histolytica.
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